Asymptote
makes extensive use of affine transforms. A pair
(x,y)
is transformed by the transform
t=(t.x,t.y,t.xx,t.xy,t.yx,t.yy)
to (x',y')
, where
x' = t.x + t.xx * x + t.xy * y y' = t.y + t.yx * x + t.yy * y
This is equivalent to the PostScript
transformation
[t.xx t.yx t.xy t.yy t.x t.y]
.
Transforms can be applied to pairs, guides, paths, pens, strings,
transforms, frames, and pictures by multiplication (via the binary operator
*
) on the left (see circle for an example).
Transforms can be composed with one another and inverted with the
function transform inverse(transform t)
; they can also be raised to any
integer power with the ^
operator.
The built-in transforms are:
transform identity;
¶the identity transform;
transform shift(pair z);
¶translates by the pair z
;
transform shift(real x, real y);
¶translates by the pair (x,y)
;
transform xscale(real x);
¶scales by x
in the x direction;
transform yscale(real y);
¶scales by y
in the y direction;
transform scale(real s);
¶scale by s
in both x and y directions;
transform scale(real x, real y);
¶scale by x
in the x direction and by y
in the
y direction;
transform slant(real s);
¶maps (x,y)
–> (x+s*y,y)
;
transform rotate(real angle, pair z=(0,0));
rotates by angle
in degrees about z
;
transform reflect(pair a, pair b);
¶reflects about the line a--b
.
transform zeroTransform;
¶the zero transform;
The implicit initializer for transforms is identity()
.
The routines shift(transform t)
and shiftless(transform t)
return the transforms (t.x,t.y,0,0,0,0)
and
(0,0,t.xx,t.xy,t.yx,t.yy)
respectively.
The function bool isometry(transform t)
can be used to test if t
is an isometry (preserves distance).